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Philosophical Phenomenology of Religion (M. Scheler, A. Reinach, E. Stein) in Context of Religious Modernism
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Philosophical Phenomenology of Religion (M. Scheler, A. Reinach, E. Stein) in Context of Religious Modernism
Annotation
PII
S004287440006319-5-
DOI
10.31857/S004287440006319-5
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Alexander Koltsov 
Affiliation: Saint Tikhon’s Orthodox University of the Humanities
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Edition
Issue 9
Pages
64-74
Abstract

The article concentrates on the project of phenomenological analysis of religious experience, as it was introduced by participants of the Göttingen philosophical circle (M. Scheler, A. Reinach, E. Stein). Their works are analyzed as a way of rational thematization of religious intuitions; according to this point of view two problems are discussed: 1) religious-historical background of the project and 2) question of its possible influence on theological discourse of the time. The first section of the article describes philosophical phenomenology of religion as a specific phenomenon of religious life of the early 20-th century; here a special attention is paid to categories “secular”, “modernism” and “crisis”. In the next sections two main effects of the phenomenological interpretation of religious experience are represented. The first one is realistic legalization of cognitive status of religious experience, the other is problematization of the category “meaning”, which can be called “hermeneutic effect” of phenomenology. Finally I make a conclusion, that the discussed philosophical project is, on the other hand, determined by its historical background, but on the other hand, has produced new insights for contemporary religious strivings. At the same time two suggestions are made, which try to explain the inner logic of development of phenomenological philosophy from the point of view of its religious context.

Keywords
phenomenology, religious experience, Reinach, Scheler, Stein, modernism, religious crisis
Acknowledgment
The article is written in 2018 within the framework of the project "Russian religious thought of the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th cent.: The problem of German influence in the context of the crisis of spiritual culture" supported by PSTGU Development Foundation
Received
22.09.2019
Date of publication
24.09.2019
Number of purchasers
89
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857
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References

1. Barth, Ulrich (2003) ‘Die sinntheoretischen Grundlagen des Religionsbegriffs Problemgeschichtliche Hintergrunde zum fruhen Tillich’, Religion in der Moderne, Mohr Siebeck, Tubingen, pp. 89–126.

2. Beckmann, Beate (2003) Phanomenologie des Religiosen Erlebnisses: Religionsphilosophische Uberlegungen Im Anschluss an Adolf Reinach Und Edith Stein, Konigshausen & Neumann, Wurzburg.

3. Joas, Hans (2009) ‘Die sakulare Option. Ihr Aufstieg und ihre Folgen’, Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Philosophie, 57, 2, pp. 293-300.

4. Joas, Hans (2014) ‘Sakulare Heiligkeit. Wie aktuell ist Rudolf Otto?’, Lauster, J., Schuz, P., Barth, R. and Danz, Ch. (ed.) Rudolf Otto. Theologie - Religionsphilosophie – Religionsgeschichte, De Gruyter, Berlin; Boston, pp. 59–77.

5. Koltsov, Alexander V. (2017) ‘The Problem of Religious Conversion: The Case of Phenomenological Movement in Germany‘, State, Religion, Church in Russia and Abroad, Vol. 4 (35), pp. 255-275 (in Russian).

6. Konacheva, Svetlana A. (2010) Being. The Holy. God: Heidegger and the philosophical theology of the 20th century, Russian State University for Humanities, Moscow (in Russian).

7. Konacheva, Svetlana A. (2015) ‘Philosophy, Religion, and Science: the Models of Understanding‘, State, Religion, Church in Russia and Abroad, Vol. 1 (33), pp. 51-75 (in Russian).

8. Kyrlezhev, Alexander (2011) ‘Post-secular: short interpretation‘, Logos, Vol. 3 (82), pp. 100-106 (in Russian).

9. Schaber, Johannes (2000) ‘Zwischen Thomas von Aquin und Kant. Max Schelers Augustinus-Rezeption’, Person und Wert: Schelers ‘Formalismus’: Perspektiven und Wirkungen, Alber, Freiburg, pp. 162–191.

10. Schweighofer, Astrid (2015) Religiose Sucher in der Moderne: Konversionen vom Judentum zum Protestantismus in Wien um 1900, De Gruyter, Berlin, Boston.

11. Vidal, Jacques (1972) ‘Phenomenologie et Conversions’, Archives de Philosophie, 35, pp. 209–243.

12. Wolz-Gottwald, Eckard (1999) Transformation der Phanomenologie: zur Mystik bei Husserl und Heidegger, Passagen Verlag, Wien.

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